T-145: , by a continuous-pose interval kernel
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed
= 6.715815746082023…, by Guzhou0806, published on 10 October 2026 as release n40-continuous-1340000-199529-20261010 of Guzhou0806/n40-square-packing and reported on jlevy/squares#485. It raises T-133's 335427/50000 by 72586117/9976450000 = 0.0072757…, from the same certificate.
The certificate is wand125's rect_n40_L67 rectangle density of T-068, unchanged, of mass 3999/100. Every closed square of side 199529/200000 inside [0, 67/10]^2, at every angle and every legal centre, captures mass at least 4999/5000, and 40 × 4999/5000 − 3999/100 = 1/500, so no packing fits at side 1340000/199529; compactness makes the bound strict.
A new interval kernel covers the continuous pose domain, centre and half-angle tangent together, in 43 closed slabs of t = tan(θ/2) over [10^-6, 83/200], by outward-rounded binary64 branch and bound with a concave-section integral bound and translation-derivative bounds; an exact integer certificate for horizontal squares of side 997643/1000000, which lie inside every side-B square at t ≤ 10^-6, covers the rest. No net, no transfer and no density peak are needed.
The source decided both parts with its two C++ kernels, in a local run and a GitHub Actions run.
Both were decided here on 10 October 2026: the two kernels, built from the retained source into the CI run's binaries, ran the axis certificate and all 43 slabs, every output equal to both release receipts apart from timing, and refused every synthetic density whose least capture is below the threshold: confirmed, reproduced with the producer's code.
This repository's exact audit, which shares no code with the release's, regenerated both kernel inputs and decided every finite step, and sqverify-fast decided the near-axis statement a second way on the original density. The 10 October review re-derived the kernel's lemmas and found no blocking defect. No second method decided the continuous cover.
Guzhou0806 after wand125, Tokoharu and Levy, n40-square-packing. The source credits the density to wand125, the rectangle-density method and the translation-derivative structure to Tokoharu, says the concave-section bound is informed by this repository's sqverify_fast, and gives Guzhou0806's contribution, the continuous-pose extension, the smaller-square coverage, the near-axis patch and the composition, as AI-assisted research; the comment says AI assisted the exploration, proof drafting, implementation, tests, packaging and the update under the author's direction.
Significance, composition and next rung
- Significance
- The strongest lower bound on record at , 0.00728 above T-133 on the same certificate. The technique, an interval cover of the continuous pose domain with the angle as an interval dimension, is new to this record, dispenses with the net, the transfer and the density peak, and applies as it stands to every format T certificate the record holds, with the side and threshold as its parameters; it is one count and not yet a bound family. S3 by the precedent of T-133, with the technique noted, as the 10 October review suggests.
- Composition
- One certificate, wand125's rect_n40_L67, and three load-bearing parts. The continuous cover of the 43 slabs is decided by the release's continuous_pose.cpp, interval-certified, the producer's code, rebuilt here from reviewed source and replayed in full. The near-axis statement at side 997643/1000000 is decided by the release's axis_integer_grid.cpp, exact, replayed here, and again by sqverify-fast's exact axis-vertex sweep on the original density, which shares no code with it. The finite steps, both inputs' identity, the near-axis containment, the slab partition, the threshold and the counting margin, are decided by this repository's exact audit, independently re-implemented with respect to exact.py, and are recorded as structure.
The result takes the part closest to the producer's code: confirmed, reproduced with the producer's code. C3 rests on the complete replay of both kernels and its controls, and the kernel's lemmas on the 10 October review. No second method decides the continuous cover; the 401-direction run of sqverify-fast at the new parameters is a necessary condition it passed. - Next rung
- V4 and C4 need a human oversight record: the two adversarial AI reviews by distinct reviewers are retained, the 10 October review and the 11 October final review (docs/project/reviews/review-2026-10-11-final-lower-bounds.md), both accepting. A method-distinct decision of the continuous cover would stand beside the rung: a first-party interval kernel with the angle as an interval dimension (GC-4 of the review, its specification), a W7 slice and a budget the owner sets.
- Novelty
- previously-published Present in an identified source
The case
Results on the case
12 results in the register on , oldest first, each with what it established and how it stands now.
2005 published T-007
for
V0 C1 lower bound incomplete on this case, superseded by T-145
Nagamochi · Nagamochi 2005 · source · register
2026-08-30 established T-013
Goebel's packing: seven verified first-order flexes, each refused at second order
V3 C3 rigidity confirmed
Levy · register
2026-09-04 published T-085
Nagamochi 2005, Lemma 1 is false for every container with and
V3 C3 correction confirmed
Karakuş; chelokot · Karakuş 2026 · chelokot Nagamochi counterexample 2026 · packet · register
2026-09-22 published T-044
Weighted point lower bounds for ten counts in , plus seven from the same files
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-145
wand125 after Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 point bounds 2026 · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-27 published T-045
Rectangle-density lower bounds replayed at 15 counts in
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-145
wand125 after Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026 · packet · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-27 published T-046
Rectangle-density lower bounds reported for 48 counts in
V0 C0 lower bound recorded superseded by T-145
wand125 after Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026 · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026-09-28 · packet · packet · register
2026-09-29 published T-058
Rectangle-certificate ceiling
α·UB(n)proved for ..100;B·UB(n)on 64 grid rowsV3 C3 method limit confirmed
wand125 after Tokoharu, Daniel · wand125 tools 2026 · packet · register
2026-09-29 published T-083
for every nonsquare
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-145
Karakuş · Karakuş 2026 · source · register
2026-10-01 published T-068
Rectangle-density lower bounds verified at 34 counts in
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-145
wand125 after Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026-10-01 · packet · source · review · register
2026-10-01 published T-074
Rectangle-density lower bounds replayed at 31 counts in
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-145
wand125 after Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Nagamochi, Burns, Massaccesi · wand125 rectangle bounds 2026-10-01 · packet · packet · source · review · register
2026-10-10 published T-133
, by a clipped-corner transfer on a 401-direction net
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-145
Guzhou0806 after wand125, Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Burns, Massaccesi · Guzhou0806 n40 clipped corner 2026-10-10 · packet · packet · source 1 · source 2 · review · register
2026-10-10 published T-145 this result
, by a continuous-pose interval kernel
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed
Guzhou0806 after wand125, Tokoharu, Levy, Stromquist, Burns, Massaccesi · Guzhou0806 n40 continuous pose 2026-10-10 · packet · packet · source 1 · source 2 · review · register
Links
- On this site
- Case record, · Frontier row, · T-145 in the results table
On GitHub, at main
- Register
- T-145 in
results.yaml, line 15461 - Evidence
E-n040-guzhou-continuous-pose-report·E-n040-guzhou-continuous-pose-kernel-replay·E-n040-guzhou-continuous-pose-finite-audit·E-n040-guzhou-continuous-pose-crate-axis- Proofs and certificates
- certificate
certified_candidate.json.gz· proofPROOF.md· auditreview-2026-10-10-guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-bound.md· proofSOUNDNESS.md - Sources
- Guzhou0806 n40 continuous pose 2026-10-10 (its own site, retained copy)
- Source packet
resources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/README.md·resources/web/wand125-rectangle-certificates-2026-10-01/README.md- Artifacts
19 artifacts and controls
resources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/README.mdresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/source/PROOF.mdresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/source/certificate/parameters.jsonresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/source/verifier/continuous_pose.cppresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/source/verifier/axis_integer_grid.cppresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/source/results/verification.jsonresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/release-ci/results/verification.jsonresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/receipts/builds.jsonresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/receipts/axis-run.jsonresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/receipts/slabs.jsonl.gzresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/receipts/crate-runs.json.gzresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/receipts/replay-check.jsonresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/receipts/finite-audit.jsonresources/web/wand125-rectangle-certificates-2026-10-01/wand125-rectangles/certificates/rect_n40_L67/certified_candidate.json.gzdevtools/audit_continuous_pose.pydocs/project/reviews/review-2026-10-10-guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-bound.mdresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/receipts/controls.jsonl.gzresources/web/guzhou-n40-continuous-pose-2026-10-10/receipts/control-G-release.jsontests/test_audit_continuous_pose.py- Case file
frontier/n-040.md(verified lower, verified upper, reported lower, reported upper)