T-065: , Bidwell's packing certified exactly
V3 C3 upper bound confirmed
: seventeen unit squares fit in a square of at most that side. The figure is a rational outward ceiling, not the exact side of the packing.
Kleddamag's release of 21 September 2026 carries John Bidwell's 1998 construction forward as an exact rational witness, ^15, which two exact implementations here and the source's own checker accept: 17 unit squares, 68 vertices contained, 136 pairs separated.
From that seed this project certified the packing at the unique root of its contact chart: the root exists and is unique in a frozen rational box, and all 68 wall and 136 pair obligations hold there, 36 as exact identities and 168 by rational interval bounds, and an independent audit reconstructs every interval record. This lowers Kleddamag's rational ceiling in the seventeenth decimal.
The ceiling agrees with Bidwell's record in the Kingbird catalogue at the catalogue's printed precision. No identity with the catalogue's degree-18 polynomial is proved, no new packing is claimed, and optimality is not claimed.
Kleddamag, Kleddamag/17-squares-certified-bound, for the rational witness of Bidwell's packing; its AUTHORS.md says the work was produced with AI agents under Kleddamag's direction.
Significance, composition and next rung
- Significance
- The first verified upper bound at below the grid's 5: the case's verified bracket becomes 4.66044 < , both ends machine-checked, where the upper end was a reported catalogue value. S3 by the anchor "a substantive case result or machine audit"; it moves no reported bound.
- Composition
- Two parts, both V3/C3. Kleddamag's rational witness is E-n017-kleddamag-rational-upper, replayed here exactly. The registered ceiling is E-n017-certified-endpoint, derived here from that witness and audited here; its accepted root proof and its reviewed symbolic identities are stated premises of the audit. The second part sets the bound.
- Next rung
- Rung 4 on either axis needs two adversarial AI reviews by distinct reviewers and a retained human oversight record. With exp-245 the packing's side is the catalogue's degree-18 root, so whether to restate this bound at Bidwell's exact algebraic value is a registration decision. First-order stationarity is certified (exp-242), and a local minimum modulo sliders holds in the capture-target form (exp-244, exp-248); global optimality is unproved.
- Novelty
- previously-published Present in an identified source
The case
Proven
- exact
Citation record n-017
lowerGuzhou0806 after Kleddamag et al. 2026, GitHub (confirmed T-093)
upperBidwell 1998, Squares in Squares (confirmed T-065)
Open
- optimality
The case record
Results on the case
17 results in the register on , oldest first, each with what it established and how it stands now.
2005 published T-007
for
V0 C1 lower bound incomplete on this case, superseded by T-093
Nagamochi · Nagamochi 2005 · source · register
2026-08-21 published T-015
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Massaccesi after Burns · Burns–Massaccesi n17 · packet · register
2026-08-31 established T-001
, from a sixteen-point unavoidable set
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Levy after Bentz · register
2026-08-31 established T-003
The sixteen-point set's unavoidability ceiling lies in
V3 C3 method limit confirmed
Levy after Bentz · register
2026-09-04 established T-019
for
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Levy after Burns, Massaccesi · register
2026-09-04 published T-085
Nagamochi 2005, Lemma 1 is false for every container with and
V3 C3 correction confirmed
Karakuş; chelokot · Karakuş 2026 · chelokot Nagamochi counterexample 2026 · packet · register
2026-09-20 published T-032
, and beneath it Mira's
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Guzhou0806, Mira after Levy, Burns, Massaccesi · n17 weighted certificates 2026-09-20 · packet · register
2026-09-21 published T-038
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Kleddamag after Levy, Mira, Guzhou0806 · Kleddamag n17 certified bound · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-21 published T-065 this result
, Bidwell's packing certified exactly
V3 C3 upper bound confirmed
Kleddamag after Levy, Mira, Guzhou0806 · Kleddamag n17 certified bound · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-25 published T-039
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Guzhou0806 after Kleddamag, Mira, Levy · Guzhou0806 n17 R052 · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-26 published T-040
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Kleddamag after Levy, Mira, Guzhou0806 · Kleddamag n17 4.640020 · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-27 published T-041
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Kleddamag after Levy, Mira, Guzhou0806 · Kleddamag n17 4.66001 · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-28 published T-042
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Guzhou0806 after Kleddamag, Mira, Levy · Guzhou0806 n17 R067 · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-28 published T-043
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed superseded by T-093
Guzhou0806 after Kleddamag, Mira, Levy · Guzhou0806 n17 R068 · packet · source · review · register
2026-09-29 published T-058
Rectangle-certificate ceiling
α·UB(n)proved for ..100;B·UB(n)on 64 grid rowsV3 C3 method limit confirmed
wand125 after Tokoharu, Daniel · wand125 tools 2026 · packet · register
2026-09-29 published T-083
for every nonsquare
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed on this case, superseded by T-093
Karakuş · Karakuş 2026 · source · register
2026-09-30 published T-093
V3 C3 lower bound confirmed
Guzhou0806 after Kleddamag, Mira, Levy · Guzhou0806 n17 R071 · packet · source · review · register
Links
- On this site
- Case record, · Frontier row, · T-065 in the results table
On GitHub, at main
- Register
- T-065 in
results.yaml, line 5823 - Evidence
E-n017-kleddamag-rational-upper·E-n017-certified-endpoint- Proofs and certificates
- certificate
portable-witness.yaml· certificatecertificate.json· proofreview-2026-10-01-post-optimality-w3-opening.md· auditoutput-review.md - Sources
- Kleddamag n17 certified bound (its own site, retained copy)
- Source packet
resources/web/n17-kleddamag-certified-bound-2026-09-21/README.md- Artifacts
10 artifacts and controls
resources/web/n17-kleddamag-certified-bound-2026-09-21/README.mdcampaign/series/series-000-smoke-and-calibration/results/exp-235-n17-rational-upper/portable-witness.yamlcampaign/series/series-000-smoke-and-calibration/results/exp-235-n17-rational-upper/output-review.mdcampaign/series/series-000-smoke-and-calibration/results/exp-238-n17-endpoint-feasibility/run-001/certificate.jsoncampaign/series/series-000-smoke-and-calibration/results/exp-238-n17-endpoint-feasibility/output-review.mddevtools/check_rational_witness_independent.pydevtools/audit_n17_endpoint_receipt.pydocs/project/reviews/review-2026-10-01-post-optimality-w3-opening.mdtests/test_rational_witness_independent_contract.pytests/test_n17_endpoint_receipt_audit.py- Case file
frontier/n-017.md(verified lower, verified upper, reported lower, reported upper)