n = 6 provedO=

s(6)=3

The best packing known for 6 squares, side 3, Michael Kearney, Peter Shiu 2001
3
234
2.4493.449
nn+1

Proven

s(6)=3

  • optimal
  • exact

Citation record n-006

lowerKearney & Shiu 2002, Electron. J. Combin. 9, #R14

Bounds

Best known packing

3

Found by
Michael Kearney, Peter Shiu 2001
Construction
hand
Source
[Kingbird]
Evidence
E-kingbird-upper-register
Verified upper bound

3

The reported value, verified here.

Evidence
E-basic-grid-upper
Reported lower bound

3

Proved by
Michael Kearney, Peter Shiu 2002
Kind
unavoidable points
Note
Kearney and Shiu use two seven-point unavoidable lattices followed by geometric cases. The broad point-method classification does not mean a pure five-dot proof; Memo I already gives a geometric-helper proof in 1984.
Source
[Kearney–Shiu 2002]
Evidence
E-n006-kearney-shiu-proof
Verified lower bound

3

The reported value, verified here.

Evidence
E-n006-kearney-shiu-proof
Gap

0

Solved: the verified bounds meet.

Results in the register

Verification

upper: replayed here; lower: external proof (not read here)

—

Rigidity

not rigid, numerically checked, numerical multiprecision

Evidence: E-translation-escape-not-rigid

Scope

Square 3 of the retained witness (witness id 4) translates 1 along (0, 1) with the packing still valid, so the configuration admits a non-trivial feasible motion; 3 of its 6 squares do. Every constraint is exactly affine in the slide parameter, so the arithmetic carries no linearization error, but the coordinates are the witness's own finite-precision transcription: this settles the retained configuration, not the true optimum. Rigidity and optimality are independent, and this bears only on the former.

Open questions
  • Priority: s(6) = 3 (Walter Stromquist (1984, unpublished), Trevor Green (2000, unpublished))
Evidence and sources
4 evidence entries

E-kingbird-upper-register, E-basic-grid-upper, E-nagamochi-lower, E-n006-kearney-shiu-proof

s(6) — solved

s(6)=3. Kearney and Shiu (2002) gave the first located published proof. Stromquist’s archived Memo I contains an earlier proof, dated September 11, 1984.

The packing

Found by Michael Kearney and Peter Shiu in 2001, via a hand construction.

The lower bound

Kearney and Shiu’s §3 uses two seven-point unavoidable sets, related by a quarter turn and sharing the center. They separate whether the center is covered, then use geometric compatibility and segment-intersection bounds to exclude both cases.

Stromquist’s Memo I also needs a geometric helper: it excludes adjacent isolated dots, then forces one square to consume four of eight final dots. The memo review retains an independently checked finite allocation control and a precise obstruction to using only five unweighted dots.

Verification Code

The programs behind this case’s verified bounds, by their evidence. The code column says how the code that ran stands to the code its producer used. VERIFIERS.md says what each program is and whose it is.

bound evidence run code programs
verified lower E-n006-kearney-shiu-proof a published proof no code no verification code
verified upper E-basic-grid-upper replayed here independent V-check-basic-bounds (first-party)